先秦儒家耻感文化略论

On the Confucian Shance Culture of the Pre-Qin Period

"耻"是中国传统道德"八德"之一,被认为是"立人之大节""治世之大端",是中国传统道德的一个重要组成部分,历来被儒家所重视。在春秋战国礼崩乐坏的社会大环境下,以孔子、孟子为代表的儒家学者逐渐将耻感文化纳入儒家学说体系。主要涉及个人的道德修养、人际交往等为人处世的道德原则,并且积极发挥着知耻在改过迁善、见贤思齐、洁身励行方面的重要作用。儒家耻感文化以其自身鲜明的特征,深刻地影响并融入了人们的道德实践之中。

As one of the Chinese traditional ＂eight virtues＂, ＂shame＂ ,once regarded as big attribute of ＂becoming a real man＂ and of ＂managing the state＂ ,is a major component of traditional Chinese morality. This notion of shame had been gradually added to the Confucianism system by Confucius and Mencius a- gainst the background of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period which are character- ized by the collapse of the ancient rite system. The shame culture mainly touches upon individual moral cul- tivation, interpersonal communication, and other related socializing moral principles, and has been effective in encouraging individuals to mend their ways, emulate those better than them, and live nobly and dili- gently. This shame culture, with its distinct features, has profoundly influenced people＇s moral acts.