六十种药用植物提取物对葡萄炭疽病菌抑菌活性的室内筛选

Laboratory Screening of Antifungal Activities of Extracts from 60 Medicinal Plants Against Grape Anthracnose Disease

以隶属于44科的60种药用植物为试材,以无水乙醇作为提取溶剂,采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法对选取的药用植物提取物进行抑菌活性的测定,以筛选出对葡萄炭疽病菌具有抑菌活性的药用植物资源。结果表明:在供试质量浓度为100mg/mL时,对葡萄炭疽病菌孢子萌发抑制率和菌丝生长抑制率均在80%以上的有11种植物提取物,抑制率超过90%的药用植物有艾蒿、苍耳、丁香、黄芩、苦参、肉桂和石菖蒲7种,其中丁香、肉桂和石菖蒲的提取物对孢子的萌发抑制率和菌丝生长抑制率均为100%。筛选试验结果表明,药用植物丁香、肉桂和石菖蒲具有开发成防治葡萄炭疽病新型植物源杀菌剂的潜力。

Taking 60 medicinal plant species belonging to 44 families in China as materials, ethanol as extracnon solvent, their antifungal activity against grape anthracnose disease were studied using spore germination method and mycelium growth rate method in vitro,in order to study antifungal activities of medicinal plant extracts against grape anthracnose disease and provide basis for exploitation of hio-fungicide from plant resource. The results showed that at concentration of 100 mg/mL, inhibition rate of plant extracts on the mycelia growth and conidial germinations of 11 plant species presented more than 80%, respectively. Among them, Artemisia argyi, Xanthium sibiricum, Syzygiurn aromaticum, Scutellaria baicalensis , Sophora flavescens , Cinnamomum cassia, Acorus tatarinowii with inhibition rate over 90%. Particularly, the extracts of Syzygium aromaticurn, Cinnamomum cassia and Acorus tatarinowii presented inhibition rate of the mycelia growth and conidial germinations were 100%, respectively. According to the above results, Syzygium arornaticurn ,Cinnarnomurn cassia and Acorus tatarinowii were chosen as the products for exploitation the botanical fungicide against the grape anthracnose disease.