DNA计算技术的发展与应用

Development and Application of DNA Computing Technology

DNA计算是近年来发展迅速的新兴计算技术,其与信息、数学、物理和纳米领域密切交叉。其信息并行处理速度快,且具有高度分子并行性的优势,得到了广泛的关注。经过近20年的发展,DNA计算在理论研究和实现方面都取得了十分重要的进展。作为未来新兴的计算技术,DNA计算有着巨大的应用潜力。文章对近年来DNA计算中运用的各类技术进行了总结:(1)基于链置换的DNA计算技术;(2)基于核酶的DNA计算技术;(3)基于瓦片的DNA计算技术;(4)基于纳米颗粒的DNA计算技术;(5)基于SiO2的DNA计算技术;(6)细胞内DNA计算技术;(7)其他DNA计算技术,包括表面DNA计算等。在此基础上,对未来DNA计算技术进行了展望并提出建议。

In recent years, the research field of DNA computing has been developed quickly, combing with cross improvements of other related areas, such as information sciences, mathematics, physics, and nanotech- nology. For its advantages of high computing speed and highly parallel operation, DNA computing has attract- ed lots of attentions from scientists. In particular, many progresses in both theoretical study and biochemical ex- periments have been achieved. As a rising computing technology, DNA computing has a great potential in wide applications. In this paper, DNA computing is divided into 7 categories based on its characteristics： （1）DNA computing based on the strand displacement; （2）DNA computing using the DNAzyme; （3）DNA tile comput- ing; （4） nanoparticles used in DNA computing; （5） DNA computing using SiO2; （6） DNA computing in vivo; （7）other aspect of DNA computing technology