不同避孕方法对育龄妇女血红蛋白影响的队列研究

Impact of oral contraceptive and copper intrauterine device on hemoglobin: a cohort study

目的:评价使用妈富隆口服避孕药和元宫药铜220型宫内节育器对已婚育龄妇女血红蛋白的影响。方法:采用前瞻性队列研究方法,对870例使用妈富隆和1 119例放置元宫药铜220的妇女进行健康筛查和随访,了解不良反应发生情况,比较避孕方法使用前、使用后6个月、12个月血红蛋白浓度的变化。结果:使用妈富隆后12个月内妇女经期延长/经量增多的发生率低于元宫药铜220使用者(P<0.01)。和使用前相比,使用妈富隆6个月、12个月的平均血红蛋白浓度逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而使用元宫药铜220后,平均血红蛋白浓度差异无统计学意义。结论:使用妈富隆口服避孕药后出血不良反应发生较少,能有效防止育龄妇女缺铁性贫血的发生。

Objective： To evaluate the impacts of Marvelon oral contraceptive （OC） and Yuan - gong 220 copper - bearing indomethacin - releasing intrauterine device （IUD） among the fertile women during twelve months. Methods： Prospective cohort study was adopted. 870 women using Marvelon OC and 1 119 women using Yuan - gong 220 IUD were followed at 3, 6, 12 months after initiating. The side effects and blood hemoglobin concentration were compared between two cohorts. Results： Firstly, the incidence rate of side effects among Marvelon OC users was significantly lower than that in Yuan - gong 220 IUD users, including spotting, prolonged bleeding and excessive menses during the observation period of 12 months. Secondly, the average blood hemoglobin concentration became significantly higher and higher after using Marvelon. Conclusion： Marvelon OC bring fewer side effects about prolonged bleeding and excessive menses when applied among the fertile women and it can effectively prevent the occurrence of anemia.