新型旋转导向工具在页岩气开发中的应用

Application of New Type of Rotary Steering Tools in Shale Gas Development

为了提高页岩气的开发效率,目前北美页岩气开发主要采用丛式水平井和水平井,传统的旋转导向工具存在造斜率低及作业成本高等问题。针对页岩气开发井型特点及面对的挑战,介绍了几种国外在页岩气开发中应用的新型旋转导向工具和技术,包括斯伦贝谢公司的PowerDrive Archer和贝克休斯公司的AutoTrak Curve高造斜率旋转导向工具,以及威德福公司的MotarySteerable定向转速控制工具,同时分析了各工具的基本原理、特点及现场应用情况。分析结果表明,高造斜率旋转导向工具在提高钻井作业效率的同时,还增大了井筒与储层的接触面积,将是页岩气储层水平井钻井发展的趋势;定向转速控制工具可提高机械钻速和井眼质量,并且成本比传统旋转导向工具低,具有较好的经济适用性。

Currently shale gas development in North America mainly adopts cluster horizontal well and horizontal well in order to improve the development efficiency. There are problems with traditional rotary steering tool such as low build-up rate and high operating cost. In light of the features of shale gas development well and the challenges, several new rotary steering tools and technologies applied in foreign shale gas development were introduced, inclu- ding Schlumberger＇ s PowerDrive Archer and Baker Hughe＇ s AutoTrak Curve which are the rotary steering tools with a high build-up rate, as well as Weatherford＇ s MotarySteerable which is a kind of directional speed control tool. Meanwhile, the basic principles, design features and application of the tools were analyzed. The analysis shows that the rotary steering tool with a high build-up rate can improve drilling efficiency and increase the contact area between shaft and reservoir. This will be the development trend for the horizontal drilling in shale gas reservoirs. The directional speed control tool can improve rate of penetration and hole quality. Meanwhile, its cost is lower than that of traditional rotary steering toot. Thus, it has desirable economic adaptability.