酸化纸质文物水溶液真空脱酸和冷冻干燥试验研究

Experimental study on vacuum deacidification and vacuum freeze-drying for acid-processed paper relics

以酸化纸质文物为对象,研制了一种集真空脱酸、低温预冻和真空干燥于一体的试验装置,并应用该装置对纸质文物进行真空脱酸和对脱酸后纸质文物进行真空冷冻干燥试验。研究了真空脱酸、低温预冻和真空干燥各试验工艺和数据,并对试验前后相关数据进行了对比分析。试验结果表明:真空脱酸试验后纸质文物的酸性被完全去除,脱酸速率较传统方法有很大提高;真空冷冻干燥后的纸质文物未出现皱缩、粘连、变形等现象,且油墨字迹均保持完好。研究结果证明了此方法符合当前纸质文物规模化脱酸及其干燥的要求。

Acid paper relics were selected as the research subject. Develop a device which could be used for removing acid in the paper relics under vacuum, pre-freezing at low temperature and drying under vacuum. And use the device to make experiment on vacuum freeze-drying for acid-processed paper relics. The process and related data were considered. Analyze the datas before and after the test. The results indicate that the speed and validity have been improved as removing acid in the paper relics under vacuum than traditional methods. Paper relics do not appear shrinkage, adhesion and deformation after vacuum freeze-drying, and the ink handwriting are intact. Research results show that this method conforms to the large scale paper relicin~ acid removin~ and its dryin~ requirements.