基于SNA的中国产业网络结构演化及定量测度

A SNA-Based Measurement on Industrial Structure Change and Industrial Networking of China

产业结构变动及其网络测度是区域可持续发展的基本领域,产业关联网络的形成与完善则是区域产业结构转型的主导目标,能够为相关经济现象的空间解析提供重要信息。通过应用1997年、2002年和2007年中国投入产出表,通过产业部门的合并,基于社会网络分析(SNA)构建了包含了网络密度、中心度、中介度、凝聚子群等指标在内的中国产业关联网络分析评价体系。研究结果表明中国区域产业关联网络密度由1997的年0.563上升到2007年的0.614,表明产业间经济联系程度逐渐加强,但进展缓慢;各产业中心度整体上呈现小幅度波动趋势,以金属冶炼及压延加工业为代表的第二产业呈明显上升趋势,是拉动经济增长的主要力量,并在空间上逐渐向东部和沿海地区集聚;化学工业、租赁和商务服务业、石油和天然气开采业等产业节点中介度呈现连续的较大上升,表明该类产业在整个产业网络中起到了重要的枢纽作用。1997年以农业为中心产业的凝聚子群对其本身的密度系数最大(5.880),2007年则演化为以石油和天然气开采业(2.264),表明产业子群经济联系在转换的同时其子群差异也在降低,产业间联系趋于均衡。研究成果在理论上探索构建将投入产出表与社会网络分析相集成的产业网络测度分析方法,同时在实践上为国家制定产业结构调整相关政策提供决策参考。

To optimize the industrial structure is a prerequisite for overall economic and social development, and the formation and improvement of the industrial network is the dominant goal of regional industrial restructuring. Both changes of industrial structure and its network measurement are the basic field for regional sustainable development, which could provide significant for analyzing the spatial economic phenomenon. By employing the input-output table of 1997, 2002 and 2007, combined with social network analysis, industrial networks were established through developing the performance evaluation indicators including net-density, node＇s centrality degree, node＇s connection degree and agglomerate sub-cluster. The results show that the net density raise from 0.563 in 1997 to 0.614 in 2007 which means that the industrial economic relationship is being strengthen but with lower speed; the industrial node＇s centrality degrees fluctuated within a narrow range, while the metal mining industry is being the main force for accelerating economic development, the cluster in eastern and coastal area; connection degrees of chemical, rent and business service, and petroleum industries increased compared with other industries which indicate that such kind industries are being the core-connection within whole China＇s industrial networking; the first-level agglomerate sub-cluster has been changed from agricultural industry （5.880） in 1997 to petroleum industry （2.264） in 2007, which means that key industrial sector has been changed but the differences among different industries are being narrow. The findings of this research explored the feasibility of combining the output table andsocial network analysis for integrating industrial network measurement in theory, and also benefit for government to develop industrial restructuring policy decision-making in practice.