人格、身份与人格权、人身权之关系——兼论人身权的发展

The Relationship Between Personality,Identity,Personality Rights and Identity Rights——Also on the Development of Personal Rights

在古代社会,身份决定人格,主体不同的身份地位决定其所享有的权利范围。至近代社会,在财产法领域,身份不再决定人格,主体间具有平等人格,但在家庭领域身份对人格仍具有决定作用。近代社会以后,私法人格进一步抽象,人格权确立,人格权的范围、人格权的价值内含不断扩张,身份、身份权成为保护弱者和实现实质平等的社会公正的的工具。

In ancient society, the identity decides personality, the different identities of the subject decide the scope of their rights. To modem society, in the field of property law, the identity no longer decides personality, and the subjects enjoy equal personality, but the identity still decides personality to some extent in the field of family. After modem society, personality in Private law is further abstracted, personality rights is established, the value and range of personality rights is expanding, the i- dentity and the identity rights become the tools of achieving equal social justice and protecting the vulnerable groups.