德鲁兹社团与以色列国家的关系

Reflections on Relations between the Druze Community and the State of Israel

在以色列生活着13万德鲁兹人,与境内其他阿拉伯人不同,早在英国委任统治时期德鲁兹社团就跟犹太社团有着比较友好的关系,以色列建国后这种关系得到持续发展。从1956年起德鲁兹社团被正式纳入以色列义务兵役制内,与以色列国家结成"血盟"。作为回报,政府向德鲁兹社团承诺了平等和一体化,并利用国家机器,从历史、宗教、教育、习俗等方面促进独立的德鲁兹民族建设,帮助德鲁兹社团构建"以色列-德鲁兹"的身份认同。但由于以色列犹太国家的性质所限,德鲁兹社团的一体化进程面临诸多挑战。

Unlike other Palestinian groups, the Druze community has kept friendly relations with the Jewish settlement, which later became the State of Israel, since the British Mandate period. After the establishment of the State of Israel, the Israeli government has been encouraging the Druze to separate themselves from the Arab nation, and establish an independent Druze nation. Since 1956, Druze males had been enrolled in the Israeli compulsory military service, and the Druze community was promised full equality in return for its service. However, as a self-designated Jewish State, Israel could not fully fulfill its promises and the integration of the Druze community into the Israeli mainstream society was not accomplished. Formation of separate Druze identity did advance, but it faces numerous challenges and its course is far from being pre-determined.