水稻强弱势粒间淀粉粒和蛋白体积累的差异

Variation of starch granule and protein bodies in endosperm from superior and inferior grains of japonica rice

分别以同一稻穗第1天和第5天开花颖花为强势粒和弱势粒,测定了籽粒灌浆期间可溶性淀粉和粗蛋白的积累并用透射电镜观察胚乳细胞中的淀粉粒和蛋白体密度和大小的变化。结果表明:在籽粒灌浆初期,强弱势粒中都出现了少量单粒淀粉粒和极少数的蛋白体,并随着灌浆的进行,单粒淀粉粒逐渐发育形成复粒淀粉粒,淀粉粒和蛋白体的体积逐渐增大;到灌浆高峰期,强势粒中单粒淀粉粒、复粒淀粉粒和蛋白体同时大量存在,之后复粒淀粉粒逐步充实整个胚乳细胞,单粒淀粉粒和蛋白体随之减少,蛋白体的体积也有所减小;而弱势粒的表现则不同,随着籽粒灌浆的进行,复粒淀粉粒逐步增多,淀粉粒的体积也增大,但是单粒淀粉粒和蛋白体的数量一直不多。

This paper made the caryopsis flowering at the 1 st and 5th day on the same rice panicle as superior and inferior grains, and their accumulation of soluble starch and crude protein were analyzed during the filling stage, while the density and size of starch granule and protein bodies in endosperm cells were calculated and measured by transmission electron microscope（TEM）. It seemed that, during the earl~;period of grain filling, both superior and inferior grains had a few single starch granules and few protein bodies. Then with grain filling, single starch granules grew into compound starch granules gradually, with volume of Starch granules and protein bodies increasing gradually. To the peak of grain filling, there were lots of single starch granules, compound starch granules and protein bodies in the endosperm of superior grains,and then, compound starch granule enriched the entire endosperm cells,the single starch granules and protein bodies decreased, and the protein bodies had also been smaller. On the contrary, compound starch granules in inferior grains were increasing gradually, the volume of the starch granules increased, but the number of single starch granules and protein bodies had been few.