寒士心态与西晋咏物赋创作

Low-status Intellectual's Mentality and Writing Yongwu Ode in West Jin Dynasty

寒士心态类型奠定了西晋咏物赋的格局和基调。寒素文人在党争和门阀秩序的双重压抑下,借体物来阐发内心隐忧和情感关怀,遂形成了借物以喻安时出顺之道、托物以表耿介不党之心、寄物以明德才兼备之质的三类品格。这种抒情说理方式的形成与魏晋玄学影响下文人心物关系的转换有着潜在的联系,同时,赋兼才学的体类特性也激发了士人对物的兴趣,它们是魏晋咏物赋繁荣的重要原因。

the low-status intellectuals＇ mentality decides the style and keynote of West Jin Yongwu ode. They were depressed by party conflicts and social status inferiority, thus described things to express inner anxiety and feelings, which created three keynotes： to keep life safe, to refuse to cooperate with political circles and to show abilities and talents. This way of literary creation is reflec- tive of the transitions between things and soul. At the same time ode is a symbol of talent and knowledge, it stimulated interests in things which was the main cause of prosperity of Yongwu ode during Wei and Jin periods.