HIV感染患者CD_4^+T淋巴细胞数与病毒载量分析

Analysis of CD_4^+T lymphocyte count and viral load among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

目的通过了解新发现艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者的免疫状况和HIV在体内复制水平,以便预测疾病进展情况。方法分别用流式细胞仪和NASBA方法检测190例新发现HIV感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数和病毒载量。结果新发现HIV感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均值为268.31/mm3,标准差为223.45/mm3;其中CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<50/mm3 35例,占18.4%;50~200/mm3 40例,占21.1%;200~350/mm3 64例,占33.7%;>350/mm351例,占26.8%;新发现HIV感染者病毒载量为1.95~7.0log/ml,均值为4.55log/ml,标准差为0.90log/ml;其中病毒载量<3log/ml 9例,占4.7%;3~4log/ml 39例,占20.5%;4~5log/ml 81例,占42.6%;>5log/ml 61例,占32.1%;随着CD4+T淋巴细胞数的升高,病毒载量呈降低趋势,通过相关回归分析,CD4+T淋巴细胞数与病毒载量之间存在明显的负相关(r=-0.374,P<0.01)。结论新发现HIV感染者免疫机能差,病毒复制水平高,大部分感染者进入发病高峰期,需要抗病毒治疗。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate disease processes by analyzing the immune status and the level of virus replica- tion in new cases of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）. METHODS The CD4 ＋ T lympho- cyte count and viral load of 190 new HIV infected patients were detected by flow eytometry and NASBA respec- tively. RESULTS The mean value of CD4 ＋ T lymphocyte counts from new HIV infected patients was 268.31/mm3 , and standard deviation was 223.45/mm3. The range of CD4＋＊T lymphocyte counts less than 50,50-200,200-350, and more than 350 were 35（18.4%） ,40（21.1%）,64（33.7%）and 51（26.8%） ,respectively; The viral load in new patients was 1.95-7.0 log/ml with the mean value 4.55 log/ml, and standard deviation was 0.90 log/ml; The range of viral load less than 3 log/ml,3-4 log/ml,4-5 log/ml, and more than 5 log/ml were 9（4.7%）, 39 （20.5%）, 81（42.6%）and 61（32.1%）,respectively. As the count of CD4＋T lymphocyte increased, the viral load decreased. By the method of correlation regression analysis, the CD4 ＋ T lymphocyte count and viral load had obvi- ously negative correlation （r= -0. 374, P〈0.01）. CONCLUSION The new HIV infected patients are associated with lower immunity, hut the viral replication is high. Most of the patients are entering into the peak of illness and need antiviral treatment.