跨湖桥遗址的人类生态位构建模式

Patterns of Human Niche Construction of the Neolithic Kuahuqiao Site

基于人类生态位构建理论对跨湖桥遗址动植物组合的分析表明,当时先民除了已经栽培水稻以外,还可能以多种不同的行为模式干预许多物种的生命周期,以增加其丰富性、多样性和可靠性,维持人类长期稳定的定居生活。这启示农业起源研究除了关注驯化物种证据以外,还应深入理解物种驯化的长期过程和人类行为在其中所起的作用,将观察视野放宽到动植物物种出现明显驯化性状以前的阶段。

The synthetic analyses of the plant and animal assemblages from Kuahuqiao site in terms of human niche construction theory indicate that the occupants not only already cultivated rice but also inter vened the life cycles of a variety of plant and animal species through many different forms of anthropogene sis. These activities enhanced the abundance, diversity and reliability of resource base and helped ensure their long-term sedentary life. The study suggests that, in addition to the evidence of species domestication defined by morphological change, research of agricultural origin should pay more attention to the long-term process of domestication in association with human behaviors＇ impacts on environment. The realm of study ing emergence of agriculture should be extended into the Stage prior to appearance of visible morphological change.