灰色关联分析法在粮饲兼用小黑麦育种上的应用

Application of Grey Relation Analysis on Triticale Breeding for Grain and Forage

为了选育和改良适宜甘肃农牧交错地带的粮饲兼用型小黑麦品种(系),应用灰色关联分析法,分析了27个小黑麦品种(系)的籽粒产量和生物产量与株高、千粒重等6个农艺性状的关联度。结果显示,籽粒产量和生物产量与各性状的灰关联度顺序分别为:千粒重>穗粒重>单位面积穗数>小穗数>株高>穗长;穗粒重>单位面积穗数>株高>千粒重>穗长>小穗数。表明在甘肃河西农牧交错地带,粮饲兼用型小黑麦高产育种的主攻方向为:在单位面积穗数合理的条件下,选择穗粒重较大的品种,适当放宽对穗长和小穗数的选择要求;而对以籽粒产量为主的地区,主攻方向为:在合理的单位面积穗数条件下选择千粒重较大的品种,同时加强对穗粒重的选择,对株高、穗长等性状的选择可以适当放宽要求。

In order to breed triticale varieties adapting to the special environment of the northem farming - pastoral transitional area, the grey relation degrees were analyzed between yield （including grain yield and bi- omass yield） and six main agronomic characters of 27 triticale varieties. The results showed that the grey rela- tional order of the six agronomic characters affecting grain yield was 1 000 - grain weight （0. 73542）, grain weight per spike （0.72534）, spike number per hectare （0.71957）, spikelet number （0. 69735）, plant height （0. 67952） and spike length （0. 67315）, while that affecting biomass yield was grain weight per spike （0.74359）, spike number per hectare （0.68038）, plant height （0.65540）, 1 000 - grain weight （0.64136）, spike length （0.62313） and spikelet number （0.62284）. In conclusion, in the farming -pastoral transitional area （Hexi corridor, Gansu Province）, the triticale breeding for both grain and forage should focus on large grain weight per spike and soften the selection of spike length and spikelet number under reasonable spike num- ber per hectare, while the breeding mainly for grain yield should focus on 1 000 -grain weight, strengthen the selection of grain weight per spike and soften the selection of plant height, spike length and so on.