生物絮团对仿刺参幼参消化与免疫酶活性的影响

The Effect of Bio-floc on Digestive and Immune Enzymes Activity in Juvenile Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

水温18.2~21.9℃,盐度30--32,在室内200 L塑料水槽中添加不同的碳源（葡萄糖、蔗糖、玉米淀粉、地瓜粉等）形成生物絮团,养殖体重（0.9±0.1）g/只的仿刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）幼参2个月,探讨水体中的生物絮团对其体内主要消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响。结果表明,养殖水体中添加淀粉、蔗糖有利于提高幼参体内消化酶（淀粉酶、蛋白酶）的活性。复合碳源组（葡萄糖∶果糖∶蔗糖∶玉米淀粉∶地瓜粉=0∶3∶4∶2∶1）,幼参胃蛋白酶活性（10.63 U/mg）显著高于其它组,复合碳源更利于提高幼参胃蛋白酶活性。复合碳源组（葡萄糖∶果糖∶蔗糖∶玉米淀粉∶地瓜粉=1∶2∶4∶1∶2）,幼参体壁中ALP活性最高,为2.66 U/mg;而玉米淀粉组中,幼参体液中SOD活性（204.66 U/mg）显著高于其他各试验组（P〈0.05）。添加碳源后制得的生物絮团可以提高幼参机体的免疫功能。

In order to discuss the effect of the bio-floc in water on the main digestive and immune enzyme activity, the experiment was conducted with two objects. One was the bio-floc that formed in 200-liter tanks with addition of different carbon sources （glucose, sucrose, corn starch, sweet potato powder and mixtures） with the temperature of 18.2 -21.9℃ and the salinity of 30 -32. And another object was the juvenile sea cucmber Apostichopus japonicus that bred for 2 months with the weight of （0.9 ± 0.1 ） g. The results showed that adding amylum or sucrose in wa- ter body was beneficial to improve the activities of digestive enzyme （including amylase and protease） of juvenile sea cucmber, Pepsin activities in juvenile sea cucmber which fed in compound carbons group （0： 3 ： 4： 2： 1 ） were significant higher than other groups. Compared with single carbon, compound carbons may be more beneficial to increase pepsin activities. ALP activities in the body wall of juvenile sea cucmber which fed in compound car- bons group （1： 2： 4： 1： 2） were the highest （2.66 U/rag）; But in the corn starch group, SOD activities （204.66 U/mg） in the body fluid of juvenile sea cucmber were siginificant higher than other treatment groups （P 〈 0.05）. And the bio-floc that supplemented with carbon sources may enhance the immunity of juvenile sea cucmber.