氮肥用量对盐抗杂1号棉花生物性状和经济性状的影响

Effect of N Fertilizer Application on Biological and Economic Characteristics of Hybrid Cotton Variety Yankangza No.1

杂交棉盐抗杂1号具有早熟、丰产、抗病、棉花纤维品质好等特性,是目前江苏沿海地区种植的主要棉花品种。为筛选盐抗杂1号的氮肥最佳用量,进行了氮肥单因子梯度用量田间小区试验,结果表明:不施用氮肥仅施用磷、钾、硼肥对盐抗杂1号的增产效果不明显。在氮肥施用量低于412.5kg/hm2范围内,棉花单株成铃数和产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,但超过412.5kg/hm2后,其单株成铃数及产量则随着施氮量的增加而减少。氮肥施用量低于330kg/hm2时,产投比随着施氮量的增加而增加,超过330kg/hm2时,产投比则随着施氮量的增加而减少。可见,在江苏沿海中等肥力的盐潮土区种植盐抗杂1号,获取最高产量的氮肥施用量为412.5kg/hm2,而最佳氮肥施用量为330kg/hm2。

Hybrid cotton（Gossypium spp. L. cv. yar^kangza No. 1） with early maturity,high yield, disease resistance, and good properties of fiber quality, is currently the main variety planted in coastal areas of Jiangsu. Field trial results showed that with the application of phosphorus,potas- sium, and boron fertilizer, the yield increasing effect was not obvious for Yankangza No. 1 without N fertilizer. Within the N range of 0 to 412.5 kg/ha,cotton bolls per plant and yield increased with an in- crease in nitrogen application. But when nitrogen application exceeded 412.5 kg/ha, the bolls per plant and yield decreased with the increasing nitrogen. The ratio of yield interest to application cost increased with an increase of N application in the range of 0 to 330 kg/ha. Over the range, the ratio decreased. Therefore,the maximum yield application rate of nitrogen is 412.5 kg/ha, and the optimum application rate of nitrogen is 330 kg/ha for Yankangza No. 1 in the Yanchao soil with medium fertility.