赤峰地区牧草生长与气候因素的关系

Analysis growth of natural herbages and meteorological conditions in Chifeng

利用内蒙古赤峰地区3个监测站2005-2011年的气象资料和牧草监测数据,分析了天然牧草生长及产量与气象条件的关系。结果表明,阿鲁科尔沁旗(阿旗)、克什克腾旗(克旗)和巴林右旗(右旗)气象条件存在明显差异。阿旗较克旗和右旗混合牧草返青早,且枯黄晚,而克旗的干草产量(984kg·hm-2)显著高于右旗(880kg·hm-2)和阿旗(725kg·hm-2)。克旗、右旗和阿旗的年降水量与牧草产量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.830、0.727和0.613,因此年降水量是影响干草产量最主要的因子,通径系数分别为0.872、0.753和0.788,直接效应最为明显,说明内蒙古赤峰地区不同区域天然牧草产量的分异性主要因降水量不足所致。

The relationship between grass growth and meteorological conditions were comprehensively studied with the observed data related to grass growth and meteorological conditions during seven continual growing seasons from 2005 to 2011 in Chifeng City. The results showed that the meteorological conditions with Arhorchin Banner, Hexigten Banneran and Bahrain Right Banner were significantly different. For these three ecological experiment stations, the herbages turned green earlier and withered later in Arhorchin Banner than in Hexigten Banner and Bahrain Right Banner. Whereas, the highest hay yield were achieved in Hexigten Banner （984 kg · ha-1） which produced significantly more than Bahrain Right Banner （880 kg · ha-1） and Arhorchin Banner（725 kg · ha-1）. For four meteorological factors, annual precipitation significantly correlated with hay yield, and the simple correlation coeffocients were 0. 830, 0. 727, 0. 613, respectively in these three stations, which implied annual precipitation was the most impor- tant factor in determining hay yield. The direct path coefficients were 0. 872, 0. 753, 0. 788 respectively. Therefore, the main meteorological factors of influence the forage growth and yield in this area were short- age of precipitation.