白头翁总皂苷对体外培养的日本血吸虫幼虫及成虫的作用

Effect of Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regel saponins against juvenile and adult Schistosoma japonicum in vitro

目的探讨白头翁总皂苷(Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regel saponins,PRS)对不同发育阶段的日本血吸虫的体外杀灭效果。方法日本血吸虫3 h和7、14 d童虫及成虫分别用0、1、5、10、20、30μg/ml PRS及30μg/ml吡喹酮(PZQ)孵育4、24、48、72 h后,观察虫体变化及状态;用扫描电镜观察30μg/ml PRS及PZQ孵育4 h内的日本血吸虫成虫的体表变化。结果PRS对日本血吸虫3 h和7、14 d童虫及成虫的体外杀灭效果呈时间和剂量依赖性。经30μg/ml PRS作用4 h后,日本血吸虫童虫及成虫全部死亡;死亡虫体颜色发暗,形态发生改变且虫体不透明。扫描电镜观察发现,PRS作用后的日本血吸虫成虫体表有不同程度损伤。结论传统中草药PRS可能对日本血吸虫感染有一定的治疗和预防作用,有希望成为新的抗血吸虫药物。

Objective To explore the effect of Pulsatilla chinensis（Bunge）Regel saponins（PRS）against juvenile and adult Schistosoma japonicum and to compare its efficacy with praziquantel（PZQ）in vitro. Methods 3 h,7 d,14 d schistosomula and 42 d adult schistosomes were incubated with 0,1,5,10,20 and 30 μg/ml PRS for 4,24,48 and 72 hours,then the states of them were observed. The changes of the surface of S. japonicum incubated with 30 μg/ml PRS and PZQ within 4 hours were observed by a scanning electron microscope. Results The sensitivity of 3 h,7 d,14 d schistosomula and adults of S. japonicum to 1,5,10,20,30 μg/ml PRS displayed a time and dose dependence. All the worms died in 30 μg/ml PRS after 4 hours. The dead worm body appeared a gray-white color accompanied with their altered morphogenesis and opaque body. The tegumental surface of adults with different degrees of damages was observed by the electron microscope within 4 hours affected by PRS in vitro. Conclusions The effects of PRS against S. japonicum in different developmental stages in vitro show that PRS may eventually have a therapeutic potential in the treatment or prevention of S. japonicum infection and is expected to become a new anti-schistosome drug.