广州市花都区儿童蛲虫感染分布现状调查

Survey of distribution of Enterobius vermicularis infection of children in Hua-du District,Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市花都区儿童蛲虫感染及分布现状,为蛲虫病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2012年在全区所有乡(镇、街道)采用分层随机抽样的方法,分别抽取24所幼儿园和小学作为调查点。采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵,每点调查10岁以下儿童200人以上。采用问卷方式进行相关影响因素调查,在每所幼儿园调查家长、学校调查学生各50名以上。建立Excel数据库并进行统计分析。结果2012年9-12月共检查9 777人,检出蛲虫感染者760人,感染率为7.77%。以学校为单位感染率最高的达33.82%(69/204)。城区儿童蛲虫感染率为4.63%(195/4 213),乡镇儿童感染率为10.15%(760/5 546)(χ2=102.126,P<0.01)。学龄前儿童感染率为3.51%(170/4 840),10岁以下小学生感染率为11.95%(590/4 973),后者是前者的3.4倍(χ2=242.732,P<0.01)。男、女性儿童感染率分别为7.44%(412/5 537)和8.21%(348/4 240)(χ2=1.969,P>0.05)。相关因素调查显示,卫生环境条件、卫生设施及管理制度、家庭及个人卫生习惯等方面总体上幼儿园要优于小学、城区优于乡(镇)。结论花都区儿童蛲虫感染率仍较高,今后防控重点应放在乡(镇)和城区一些环境条件和卫生设施较差的学校。

Objective To understand the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection of children in Huadu District,Guangzhou City so as to provide the evidence for improving the control work. Methods In 2012,24 kindergartens and 24 primary schools were selected as survey sites by the stratified random sampling method and 200 or more children aged below 10 years per site were investigated for the Enterobius vermicularis infection by the cellophane tape method. The relevant influencing factors（environment conditions,sanitary facilities and management system,and health habits of families and individuals）were surveyed with questionnaire,and all the data were analyzed statistically with the Excel software. Results From September to December, 2012,totally 9 777 children were investigated and 760 ones were detected with Enterobius vermicularis infection（7.77%）. With a school as the unit,the highest infection rate reached to 33.82%（69/204）. The infection rate in urban areas was 4.63%（195/ 4 213）,and the rate in villages was 10.15%（760/5 546）（ χ 2 =102.126,P 0.01）. The infection rate of preschool children was 3.51%（1 70/4 840）and the rate of school children was 11.95%（590/4 973）,and the latter was much higher than the former（ χ 2 =242.732,P 0.01）. The infection rates of the male and the female were 7.44%（412/5 537）and 8.21%（348/4, 240）respectively（ χ 2 =1.969,P 0.05）. The survey of relevant influencing factors showed that the conditions of the kindergartens were better than those in the primary schools,and the conditions in the urban areas were better than those in the villages. Conclusions The Enterobius vermicularis infection of children in Huadu District is high. The control key points should be put on the schools with poor sanitary facilities and environment conditions in villages and urban areas.