过饱和交叉口交通信号控制研究现状与展望

Study status and prospect of traffic signal control for over-saturated intersection

为应对日益严峻的信号交叉口拥堵,总结了过饱和交叉口交通信号控制研究的发展历程和研究现状,并分析了未来发展趋势。介绍了过饱和交通流信号控制的多个目标,包括最小化延误、最大化通行能力、排队长度约束等。分析了过饱和交叉口交通信号控制的多种模型与求解算法,例如线性规划与优化模型、混合整数规划模型、基于软计算技术和人工智能技术的模型等。总结了典型交通仿真平台和信号控制优化软件对过饱和交通信号控制的支持,以及现有多个典型信号控制系统中对过饱和交通流状态的控制方法。分析结果表明:由于过饱和交叉口的交通流特性,当前过饱和交叉口信号控制方法需要解决变量过多、计算复杂、计算效率低等问题;过饱和网络的交通流特性、集成优化模型、高效求解算法与技术、仿真平台和示范应用是未来需要关注的研究趋势。

In order to relieve the serious congestion at signalized intersections, the development course and research status of traffic signal control at over-saturated intersection were summarized, and future development trend was analyzed. The various control objectives of over-saturated traffic flow were introduced, including the minimum delay, the maximum capacity and the queue limitation etc. Several kinds of traffic signal control models and algorithms at over-saturated intersection were analyzed, such as linear programming and optimization models, mixed integer linear programming models and other models based on soft computing and artificial intelligence techniques etc. The traffic signal control under over-saturated condition which was supported by the typical traffic simulation platform and signal control optimization software was summarized, as well as the traffic signal control methods at over-saturated intersection in some typical traffic control systems. Analysis result indicates that according to the traffic flow characteristics at over- saturated intersection, some problems need to be solved by the control methods, including too much parameters, computational complexity and lower computation efficiency etc. In over- saturated network, traffic flow characteristics, integrated optimization model, highly efficient solving algorithm and technology, simulation platform and demonstration application are the future research trends which need to concentrate on. 58 refs.