发展中国家应对气候变化立法及其启示

On Developing Countries' Legislation in Coping with Climate Change

在目前气候变化国际谈判陷入僵局、《京都议定书》实施困难重重的情况下,各国的国内立法已经成为应对气候变化的主要途径。目前,世界各国气候变化立法形成了两个阵营:以欧盟为代表的发达国家和以墨西哥、韩国、巴西等为代表的发展中国家。近年来,发展中国家在气候变化立法上取得了较大进展,形成了包括综合性立法模式、专门性立法模式、政策性立法模式、分散性立法模式在内的多种立法模式。从整体上看,发展中国家的气候变化立法毫不逊色于发达国家,已经成为推动气候变化立法发展的主要力量,值得我国借鉴与参考。

With the current impasse of international climate change negotiations and the difficulties in implemen- ting ＂Kyoto Protocol＂, domestic legislation of each state has become the main approach to tackling the global cli- mate change. Currently, the world climate change legislation fall into two camps ： developed countries with EU as their representative and developing countries with Mexico, South Korea, and Brazil as their representatives. In recent years, developing countries has made great progress in climate change-related legislation, establishing a variety of legislative modes including comprehensive legislative mode, specialized legislation, policy-based legis- lative mode and diversified legislative mode. Overall, climate change-related legislation in developing countries is by no means inferior to the developed countries. Climate change has become a major force in promoting the de- velopment of legislation in developing countries, which offers a beneficial reference to China＇s practice.