二甲双胍降糖外作用的研究进展

Advances in the study on metformin beyond its hypoglycemic effect

二甲双胍是一安全有效的抗糖尿病药物,已被广泛推荐为治疗2型糖尿病的一线用药。随着对二甲双胍研究的深入,发现其作用不仅局限于降低糖尿病患者血糖,且对多囊卵巢综合征和非酒精性脂肪肝病等也有一定益处。此外,二甲双胍可通过激活腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶,抑制哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白通路等阻滞癌症细胞生长。近年来,其抗动脉粥样硬化、改善血管内皮功能等对心血管的保护作用也成为研究的热点。

As a safe and effective antidiabetic drug, metformin has been considered to be the first line drug for the therapy of diabetes. With further research on metformin, it turns out that metformin can not only lower blood glucose but also display certain benefits for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is independent of the hypoglycemic effect of metformin. Furthermore, metformin can block cancer cells growth by activation of AMP-activated protein kinase and inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. In recent years, the effects of metformin on anti-atherosclerosis, endothelial function protection and other cardiovascular benefits have also become a research hotspot.