高等教育入学机会获得的阶层差异分析——基于1982-2010年我国16所高校的实证调查

Class Differences on Obtaining Access to Higher Education——Based on the Survey in 16 Universities from1982 to 2010 in China

实证调查结果表明,近30年来,我国社会各阶层子女间的高等教育入学机会差异总体上一直在缩小。就不同类型高校而言,重点高校的入学机会差异经历了一个先扩大后缩小的过程;普通本科和专科院校的入学机会差异自1982年以来一直处于缩小的态势。研究结论在一定程度上验证了MMI和EMI理论。今后应通过各种干预措施切实改善弱势阶层子女的就学环境,提高普通本科和高职高专的办学质量,以进一步提高各阶层子女在高等教育入学机会方面的均等化程度。

In the recent 30 years, the empirical research results show that the overall differences of access to higher education among children from different classes are narrowing. As far as different types of HEIs （higher education institutions） are concerned, the differ- ences of access to key universities experience a trend that enlarges at first and then narrows; the differences of access to other general four-year HEIs and to two/three-year colleges are narrowing since 1982. The research conclusions verify the MMI and EMI theories to some extent. In the future, we can further increase the equality of access to higher education among children from different classes by various interventions and by improving the quality of general four-year HEIs and two/three-year colleges.