中央空调压缩机无位置传感器正弦波变频控制器的开发

Development of Sensorless Sinusoidal Inverter Drive Controller for Central Air-Condition- ing Compressor

为了改善定频空调压缩机启停频繁、噪声大及效率低等缺点,开发了基于永磁同步电机无位置传感器正弦波控制的中央空调压缩机变频控制器。控制器采用通用单片机,依据矢量控制理论,通过估计转子磁链成功实现了转子位置和转速的在线检测。压缩机在中低速时使用单位电流最大转矩控制方法,提高了压缩机及空调整机的效率;高速时利用弱磁控制,提高了压缩机的转速。软件算法在中央空调变频压缩机上得到验证。空调运行时,压缩机的电压和电流正弦度好,转速波动小,效率高于另一种国外方案。实验结果表明,该变频控制器实现了空调的变频节能,可以在空调制冷系统中应用。

To avoid the drawbacks such as frequently start-stop, high noise and low efficiency in fixed frequency air-conditioning com- pressor, a sort of central air-conditioning compressor inverter controller based on the PMSM sensorless control is developed.The con- troller adopted general-purpose microcontroller,and detects rotor position and speed online successfully by estimating the rotor flux according to vector control theory.The compressor runs with maximum torque per ampere （MTPA） control to improve efficiency of compressor and air-conditioner at medium-low speed and flux-weakening control to increase the speed of compressor at high speed. The algorithm has been verified in the central air-conditioning inverter compressor.The voltage and current of compressor have excel- lent sinusoidal wave, small speed ripples and better efficiently during air-conditioning running.Experimental results show that the in- verter controller has achieved the purpose of energy conversion, and can be applied to the actual central air conditioning systems.