长治市小学生生长发育和营养状况分析

The Analysis of Growth and Nutritional Status of Pupils in Changzhi

目的 了解长治市小学生生长发育及营养状况,为制定干预措施提供科学依据.方法 对长治市30所小学在校学生进行身高、体重等指标的测定,并采用〈中国学生7～22岁身高标准体重值〉和〈中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数分类标准〉进行营养状况判定和评价.结果 该市小学生身高、体重指标随年龄增加而增长,符合生长发育规律.小学生低体重检出率为1.0%,女生显著高于男生（P〈0.01）.而超重和肥胖率为15.4%和14.8%,男女生超重发生率无差别,但肥胖率男生均高于女生（P〈0.01）.结论 长治市小学生生长发育符合一般规律,但存在不同程度营养缺乏和超重、肥胖问题,亟需定期检查并采取有效措施来改善其营养状况.

Objective To understand growth and nutritional status of primary school students in Changzhi and to pro- vide a scientific basis for the development of interventions. Methods Height,weight and other indicators will be measured for students in 30 primary schools of Changzhi City. We use ＂Weight for height values of aged 7 - 22 Chinese students＂ and ＂BMI classification criteria of Chinese children and adolescents of overweight and obese＇to determinate and evaluate nutri- tional status. Result Height and weight indicators increased with age. The rate of low birth weight is 1.0%. The rate of low birth weight of girls is higher than boys （P 〈 0.01 ）. The rates of overweight and obesity are 15.4% and 14.8%. The boys and girls are undifferentiated in rate of overweight. The obesity rate of boys is higher than girls （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The growth and development of Changzhi pupils comply with the general rules, but there are varying degrees of nutritional problems. We should require regular testing and take effective measures to improve their nutritional status.