内蒙古通辽市沙尘暴发生规律

Sandstorm occurrence rule in Tongliao of Inner Mongolia

利用内蒙古通辽市近48年(1954—2001年)沙尘暴天气气象数据研究通辽市沙尘暴发生规律。结果表明:1)通辽市沙尘暴天气发生次数、持续时间具有明显的月变化、季节变化、年际变化、年代际变化规律;2)通辽市沙尘暴发生的持续时间、次数的变化趋势具有一致性,近48年间沙尘暴天气总体呈减少趋势,20世纪50—70年代是高发期,且变化幅度大;3)80年代后沙尘暴发生次数急剧减少,进入90年代后又呈上升趋势;4)一年中春季3个月,尤其是4月份是沙尘暴发生高峰期;5)沙尘暴的发生与降雨量、风速存在明显的相关性。

The sandstorm occurrence regularity in Tongliao,Inner Mongolia was investigated using sandstorm weather data of Tongliao in recent 48 years （1954-2001）.The analysis indicated that the incidence and duration of sandstorms changed significantly depending on months,seasons,years,and decades.The incidence and duration of sandstorm in Tongliao decreased in the past 48 years.There was a peak occurrence period between 1950s-1970s during which the sandstorm incidence and duration changed significantly.The incidence of sandstorm sharply decreased in the 1980s and increased since the 1990s.Three months of the spring in each year,especially April,are the peak occurrence period.The occurrence of sandstorm is apparently related to rainfall and wind speed.