老年病人肝移植术后精神异常的原因分析及护理

Causative analysis on mental disorders in elderly patients after liver transplantation and nursing care of it

[目的]探讨老年病人肝移植术后精神异常的原因及其护理要点。[方法]回顾性分析总结本中心在5年间施行的62例老年病人肝移植中31例精神异常病人的精神心理情况及护理过程。[结果]精神异常31例,其中睡眠障碍21例,躁狂6例,焦虑11例,被害妄想5例,抑郁7例,幻觉9例。通过及时的心理护理及小剂量药物辅助治疗,在1周至1月内均得到有效缓解,病人情绪稳定,能积极配合治疗和护理。[结论]疾病本身、药物、环境及心理因素等为肝移植术后早期病人出现精神异常的原因,做好心理护理是老年病人肝移植术后护理的重要内容。

Objective：To probe into causative analysis on mental disorders in elderly patients after liver transplantation and nursing points. Methods： A retrospective analysis of 62 cases of elderly patients receiving liver transplan-tation in the five years were summarized in the center, liver transplant, in which 31 cases of mental disorders and psychological conditions nursing process were summarized. Results：Mental abnormalities in 31 cases, of which 21 cases with sleep disorders,6 cases with manic,11 cases with anxiety,5 ca-ses with paranoia, 7 cases with depression, 9 cases with hallucinations. Through timely psychological care and a small dose of medication - assisted therapy,the mental disorders within 1 week in January have been effectively alleviated, patients had emotional stability, and could actively cooperate with treatment and care. Conclusion： Disease itself, medications, environmental and psychological factors are the causes of postoperative mental disorders in liver transplant patients in early period, do well psychological care is an im-portant part of postoperative care of elderly patients after liver transplanta-tion.