有砟轨道长轨铺设施工技术及关键设备的发展和创新

Development and Innovation of Construction Technique and Key Equipment for Long Track Laying of Ballast Track

铁路有砟轨道长轨铺设施工技术先后经历了换铺法、轨排铺设法、单枕法和群枕法等几个发展阶段。文章介绍了国内外有砟轨道长轨铺设施工技术的发展历程,阐述了不同的长轨铺设施工方法的特点,对国内外几种典型的长轨铺轨设备的技术性能进行了数据对比,从施工质量、作业效率等各个方面反映了不同的长轨铺设施工技术的优缺点。通过综合分析、对比得出如下结论:我国近2年以来创新研制的群枕法铺轨施工技术以及群枕式长轨铺轨机,无论在工作可靠性、设备购置成本、使用和维护费用方面,还是在铺轨质量和施工效率等方面,其性价比优势更加明显,比此前较为先进的单枕法施工技术更加先进,代表了当前铁路机械化铺轨施工技术和设备研制技术的最高水平。

The long-track laying technology of ballast track has been through several development stages, such as replacement method, track panel laying method, single-sleeper laying method, group-sleeper laying method etc. This article introduces its development history, as well as the characteristics of different methods. The technical performance data comparisons of the several typical and representative long-track laying equipments reflect both the advantages and disadvantages of different long-rail track laying construction technology, the following conclusion is obtained on comprehensive analysis and comparison： the group-sleeper laying construction technology and corresponding equipment is more cost-ef- fective at reliability, costs, quality and efficiency. It＇s more advance than single-sleeper laying method. It represents the highest level in track laying construction technology and equipment research.