不同地膜覆盖对淀粉型和紫色甘薯生长发育的影响

Effects of Different Film Mulching on Growth and Development of Starch and Purple Dioscorea esculenta(Lour.) Burkill

2012年4~11月在湖北省农业科学院试验田中进行地膜覆盖栽培试验,设置覆盖黑色和白色地膜2个处理和1个不覆地膜的对照,以考察不同地膜覆盖对淀粉型和紫色甘薯[Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.）Burkill]生长发育的影响。结果表明,覆盖黑色地膜处理能够提高甘薯膨大中所需要的积温,覆盖黑色地膜处理的积温高于覆盖白色地膜和对照;2个品种覆盖黑色地膜处理的单株地上和地下鲜重均高于对照;2个品种在不同地膜处理下的干率变化不大。生理指标的测定结果表明,2个品种覆盖黑色地膜处理下的可溶性蛋白质含量高于覆盖白色地膜处理和对照;MDA含量紫色薯低于淀粉型甘薯;POD活性紫色薯高于淀粉型甘薯。测产结果表明,覆盖地膜处理能明显提高甘薯产量,覆盖黑色地膜处理的地下部产量和总产量均高于覆盖白色地膜处理和对照。总的来说,黑色地膜覆盖效果优于白色地膜和对照,淀粉型甘薯生长发育优于紫色薯。

Based on the field experiments in Hubei academy of agricultural sciences from January to April in 2012 and the comparison of different mulch, effects of different film mulching on growth and development of starch and purple Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.） Burkill were investigated. The results showed that the treatment with black film could increase the accumu- lated temperature needed in swelling Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.） Burkill efficiently. The accumulated temperature of black film was higher than that of the white film treatment while that of the white film treatment was higher than that of the con- trol. Both the over-ground and under-ground part of each plant of those two types with black film treatment were higher than that of the control. The dry matter content of the black film treatment and the white film treatment had little difference. The testing results of chemical and physical index showed that the soluble protein content of two types with black film treatment was the highest, followed by that of white film which was higher than that of the control. The content of MAD in purple Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.） Burkill was lower than that of the starch variety. The POD activity in purple Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.） Burkill was higher than that in the starch variety. The yield monitoring results indicated that the underground part and total production of black film treatment was the highest which could increase the yield significantly, followed by that of the white film treatment, and that of the control was the worst. In summary,effects of black film treatment was the best, fol- lowed by that of the white film treatment, and both of them had a better performance than that of the control. Moreover, the growth and development of starch Dioscorea esculenta（Lour.） Burkill was better than that of the purple variety.