唯物史观与民国时期的马克思主义史学

The Historical Materialism and the Historiography in the Period of the Republic of China

唯物史观既是一种认识历史的武器,也是改造现实社会的革命理论。它自20世纪初入传中国后,以其自身具有的科学性和顽强生命力,在民国史学界产生了广泛影响。自然,由于人们对这一理论的理解和接受程度存在差异,使之在实践领域往往会形成不同的层次和流派,从而增加了这一社会文化表象的复杂性。因此,全面认识马克思主义对这一时期史学发展的影响,至少应从两个层面加以把握:一是马克思主义史学队伍的成长及其活动;二是唯物史观在各史学实践领域的表现。前者为中国马克思主义史学的核心和主体力量,后者则标示着该史学思潮在学术界的实际影响力。两者的联系和区别,都应受到关注。

The Marxist historical materialism is both a thought weapon to understand history and a revolutionary theory to remold the present society.Since its introduction to China from early last century,it had produced broad influence on the historical studies in the period of the Republic of China with its tenacious vitality and its own scientificalness.Naturally,due to the discrepancy in understanding and accepting this theory,different levels and schools had formed in practice,thus increasing the complexity of social and cultural representation.This paper presents fully understanding the influence of Marxism on the development of historiography in this era,at least two aspects should be addressed:first,the growth and activities of the camp of Marxist historian,and second its practical applications in each subarea of historiography.The former constitutes the core and major power of Marxist historical science of China,and the later indicates the actual influence in the circle.The connection and difference between them should be paid attention as well.