独立学院大学生心理危机特征调查研究

Investigation on the characteristics of Independent College Students Psychological Crisis

目的:调查独立学院大学生心理危机特征,有效开展独立学院学生心理危机干预工作。方法:用分层随机抽样的方法获得有效被试735例,对心理危机源及应对方式各因子得分进行统计分析,用独立样本t检验和OneWay AVOVA方差分析对性别、是否独生子女、生源地、年级、专业方面做差异的显著性检验。结果:7个压力源因子平均分由高到低依次为前程压力(3.20±0.10)、自主与独立压力(2.27±0.75)、学习压力(2.25±0.66)、家庭与经济压力(1.91±0.86)、社交与人际关系压力(1.73±0.77)、异性关系压力(1.70±0.77)、重大与突发性压力(1.70±0.08)。心理危机应对方式各因子平均分依次为解决问题(2.17±0.65)、幻想(1.63±0.61)、自责(1.49±0.66)、合理化(1.35±0.69)和退避(1.07±0.70)。独立学院大学生心理危机源以前程压力居首,在前程压力、异性关系压力等方面,存在显著的性别、年级、专业类别和生源地差异;学生心理危机应对方式以解决问题为主,在合理化、退避等因子上存在显著的性别、年级、专业类别差异。结论:独立学院大学生心理危机源主要集中于前程压力、自主与独立压力和学习压力上,学生心理危机应对方式较为积极健康。

Objective： To investigate the characteristics of psychological crisis of independent college students so as effectively carry out the work of intervention with the psychological crisis of independent college Students. Methods： By using stratified random sampling method valid subjects of 735 cases were obtained, statistics analysis was done on the psy- chological crisis and psychological crisis coping style scores, gender, whether only children, sources of students, grades, and professional aspects were analyzed by independent samples t test and One-Way AVOVA variance. Results： 7 pressure source factors mean scores were from high to low： for the future pressure（3.20±0.10）, autonomous and independent pressure （2.27±0.75）, learning pressure （2.25±0.66）, family and economic pressure （1.91±0.86）, social and interpersonal relationship pressure（1.73±0.77）, heterosexual relationships pressure（1.70±0.77）, great and sudden pressure（1.70±0.08）. The factors of psychological crisis coping style mean scores are solving the problem（2.17±0.65）, fantasy（1.63±0.61）, self blame（1.49±0.66）, rationalization （1.35±0.69） and avoidance （1.07±0.7）, with independent college students psychological crisis source for the future pressure to lead. In the future pressure, heterosexual relationship pressure and so on, there were significant differ- ences for gender, grades, page category and student origin; psychological crisis coping style was to solve the problem, with significant differences in the rationalization, retreat and other factors of gender, grades and professional classes. Conclu- sion： independent college student psychological crisis sources mainly focus on the future pressure, autonomous and inde- pendent stress and pressure of study and the student psychological crisis coping style is more active and healthy.