磁流变减振器多场耦合仿真分析

Multi-field Coupling Simulation Analysis of MR Damper

研究了磁流变减振器电磁-流和流-固耦合的建模方法及求解方法。基于电磁-流和流-固耦合有限元方法,利用Adina软件建立高精度的流-电磁有限元网格模型和固体有限元网格模型,并在Adina软件后处理中进行求解分析,分别得到了磁流变减振器非控状态和通电状态的阻尼力-速度特性、示功特性、磁场分布特性、核心区域流场压力场和速度场特性。仿真结果表明:在高速磁流变液的冲击下,核心区域流场压力场变化明显;根据磁场分布特性,说明设计的单筒磁流变减振器结构能增大阻尼力调节范围。在电磁-流和流-固耦合计算中考虑了流体湍流流动,尽量使仿真模型与物理模型保持一致,试验结果与仿真结果吻合较好。

The electromagnetism（ EM）-fluid and fluid-structure interaction （FSI） modeling and solving method of shock absorber were studied. Adina software was used to establish accurate structure finite element mesh model and the finite element mesh model of EM-flow field based on EM-fluid and FSI method. Post-processing module of adina software was used for solving analysis. The velocity characteristics, indicator diagram, magnetic field distribution characteristics, core area fluid pressure field and velocity field characteristics of shock absorbers were obtained under the state of MR damper nocontrolling and energized condition. The results show that under the high-speed impact of the shock absorber MR fluid and the core area fluid pressure field are changed significantly. According to the magnetic field distribution characteristics, self-designed mono tube MR damper structure can enlarge damping force adjustment range. The EM-CFD and FSI model is closed to the physical reality because of the consideration of turbulent flow of MR fluid; so the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.