高盐度水质中微量镍的检测方法探讨

Research on Detection Method of Trace Nickel in the High Salinity Water

在火焰原子吸收分析的原子化过程中形成的固体颗粒对光的散射以及基体分子对光的吸收统称为背景吸收,它叠加在待测原子真实吸收之上产生正干扰,待测试液和标准试液物理性质的差异又会产生物理干扰,这两种干扰往往同时存在,给分析带来很大的误差。现讨论利用标准加人法消除物理干扰的功能和双谱线扣背景法扣除背景干扰的原理,可以同时将两种干扰消除,本方法很适用于无扣除背景干扰功能的普通火焰原子吸收分光光度计对于高盐度水质中微量元素的检测。

In the atomization process of flame atomic absorption analysis, the formation of solid particles on optical scattering and absorption of light from substrate molecule are referred to as background absorption. It could produce positive interference to the sample real absorption due to the superposition between background absorption and the sample to be tested. On the other hand, there exist physical interferences for the differences of physical property between the sample and the standard sample. When these two kinds of the interferences exist at the same time, it can bring great error. Now utilizing the function for eliminating physical interference by standard addition method and the principle for deducting background interference by dual line background deduction method, it could simultaneously eliminate these two kinds of interference. This method could be applied to the detection of trace elements in the high salinity water by the ordinary flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer without the function of deducting background interference.