经典、地域与思想传统——以六世纪地论师与北方佛教中心为例

Scripture, Regions and the Transitional Thought:In the Case of Di-lun Masters and Buddhist Centers in the Northern China of the 6th Century

中国佛教史上的地论师形成于南北朝中后期,尤其活跃于东魏、北齐年间的邺城地区,专门研究《十地经论》。本文考察地论师的师承关系,梳理其中的五大僧团,分析他们的佛学知识结构,借以揭示当时中国北方的佛学思想传统。地论师在嵩洛、邺城、并州和长安之间流动,其佛学思想得以传播,同时又吸收了其他佛学传统。以特定经典的诠释为纽带,不同师承关系的僧团相互交流,形成地方性的思想传统。这种松散的学派为此后的中国佛教宗派奠定了思想基础。

Di-lun masters in the history of Chinese Buddhism, specialized themselves to advocate the teaching of Da?abhūmikasūtra-?āstra(Treatise on the Ten Stages chapter of Hua-yan scripture), and formed in the middle and late Northern and Southern Dynasties, especially active in the city Ye among more than forty years of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi. This paper examines the lineage of those masters, and divides them into five communities, meanwhile analyzes their knowledge structure in the field of Buddhist scriptures, in order to reveal the particular Buddhist tradition in North China at that time. Di-lun masters were mainly in the area of Song Luo, Ye City, Bing-zhou and Chang-an to spread their own Buddhist ideas, and absorb other Buddhist thoughts. As a result, those masters constructed a local Buddhist tradition, which was sometimes called the Di-lun School, and finally became an intellectual foundation of later Chinese Buddhist schools such as Hua-yan, Tian-tai schools.