检验科微生物室的医院感染隐患及防护对策

Potential dangers of nosocomial infections in microorganism room of clinical laboratory department and prevention countermeasures

目的探讨检验科微生物室存在的医院感染隐患以及针对性防护对策。方法统计2008-2012年医院医务工作者中发生医院感染情况,并对感染集中的科室进行统计分析;对上述科室的空气、常用物品等抽样检查,采集样本,监测微生物感染情况;通过上述两项研究,评价检验科微生物室可能存在的医院感染隐患,并制定针对性的防护对策。结果对2008-2012年各科室医务工作者感染情况进行回顾性调查,共调查1 498人次,发生医院感染58人次,感染率为3.87%;感染率较高的科室分别为检验科、呼吸科和消化科,感染率分别为33.45%、14.67%、12.82%,其中检验科微生物室的发生率最高,为32.00%,与其他科室相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);呼吸科医务人员感染的标本主要来自痰标本;感染者的病原体检查结果与抽样监测结果比对发现,20份样品中,出现阳性结果的病原体与上述描述中的致病菌基本相同,验证了上述医院感染的感染地点和途径。结论检验科微生物室是医院感染的高发科室,存在诸多感染隐患,制定并严格遵守防护措施,可有效减少医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate hidden dangers of nosocomial infections in the microbiological laboratory room of clinical laboratory department so as to put forward targeted prevention countermeasures.METHODS The incidence of nosocomial infections that occurred in the medical staff during 2008-2012 was taken for statistics,and the key departments where the infections occurred were statistically analyzed,then the air and commonly used items in the above departments were sampled for specimens collection,the monitoring of the incidence of infections was performed;the potential dangers of nosocomial infections in the microbiological laboratory room were observed,and the targeted prevention countermeasures were formulated.RESULTS Through the respective survey of incidence of infections in the medical staff during 2008-2012,totally 1 498man-times of participants have been investigated,among which the nosocomial infections occurred in 58 cases with the infection rate of 3.87%.The infection rate was 33.45% in the clinical laboratory department,14.67% in respiratory department,12.82% in the gastroenterology department,and the infection rate was the highest in the microbiological laboratory room（32.00%）,as compared with other departments,the difference was significant（P0.05）.The sputum specimens were main samples obtained from the medical staff with infections in the respiratory department.By comparison with the result of etiological test and the result of sampling surveillance test,it concluded that among 20 samples,the species of the pathogens tested positive were basically the same as those described above,which has defined the locations and routes of the nosocomial infections.CONCLUSIONThe incidence of nosocomial infections is high in the microbiological laboratory room of the clinical laboratory department,and there are many hidden dangers;it is necessary to formulate corresponding prevention measures and comply to them rigidly so as to effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.