各类微生物脂肪酶酶学性质及应用的研究进展

Progress in enzymatic properties of microbial lipase and applications

微生物脂肪酶作为一类功能强大的催化剂,越来越受到人们的关注。微生物脂肪酶种类繁多,广泛存在于霉菌、酵母和细菌中,且不同微生物来源的脂肪酶其酶学性质、基因结构各不相同。对目前国内外研究较多的根霉脂肪酶、曲霉脂肪酶、青霉脂肪酶、毛霉脂肪酶、地霉脂肪酶、酵母脂肪酶和细菌脂肪酶的最适作用温度、最适pH及pH稳定性、底物特异性、酶活性影响、基因结构及其应用等方面进行了综述,并论述了食品加工业中脂肪酶的研究进展。

Microbial lipases are being drawn more and more attention as a class of catalyst with powerful function. There are many kinds of them, which widely exist in mold, yeast and bacteria. Furthermore, the microbial lipases from different sources have different enzymatic properties and gene structure. The present researches, both domestic and abroad, about the optimum temperature, the pH and pH stability, substrate specificity, the effect of enzyme activity, gene structure and application of Rhizopus lipase, As- pergillus lipase, Penicillium ｜ipase, Mucor lipase, Geotrichum lipase, Candida lipase and bacteria/ li- pase, and their applications were summarized. The progress of lipase in the food processing industry was discussed.