我国公路货运与制造业重心的空间分布和演变

Spatial Distribution and Evolvement of Road Freight Transport Gravity Center and Manufacturing Industry Gravity Center in China

运用重心分析方法考察了中国公路货物运输与制造业重心的空间分布和变化特征,探讨了二者间的相互关系。研究发现:我国公路货物运输重心表现为缓慢的南下东进特征,移动距离由剧烈走向缓和;与几何重心比较,公路货物运输和制造业空间分布一直处于不均衡状态,公路货物运输发展水平与制造业发展水平的区域差异总体上在扩大;与我国制造业重心变化轨迹相比,公路货物运输重心变化轨迹相似度较高,但公路货物运输重心变化具有先导性,且先导性程度日趋减弱,说明公路交通发展对制造业空间布局发展具有重要的影响作用,但随着公路交通的进一步发展,其引领与拉动作用逐渐减弱;公路货物运输和制造业区域差异受国家空间经济产业布局政策及由其导致的开放程度、开放时序的差别影响较大。

The space distribution and dynamic variation characters of highway freight transport gravity center and manufacturing industry gravity center of China and the relation between them are investigated by using gravity analysis method. It is found that （1） the highway freight transport gravity center moves to the south and the east slowly, and the displacement distance becomes smaller; （2） compared with the geometric gravity center, the highway freight transport gravity center and the manufacturing industry gravity center of China have shown imbalance, on the whole the regional differences of them in China are extending; （3） against the dynamic variation track of manufacturing industry gravity center in China, dynamic variation track of highway freight transport gravity center is basically identical, but the movement of the highway freight transport gravity center is earlier than that of the manufacturing industry gravity center, and the advance time decreases, which shows that the development of highway transport has great influence on the spatial layout of manufacturing industry, and the influence fades down with the development of highway transport; （4） the policy of spatial economic allocation, the following openness degree and the open timing differences are the most important reasons of regional differences at the highway freight transport gravity center and the manufacturing industry gravity center of China.