道德空间的拆除与重建——鲍曼后现代道德社会学思想探析

On the Demolishing and Reconstruction of Moral Space——The resolution for Bauman's postmodern moral sociology

鲍曼是继迪尔凯姆之后道德社会学研究的一位里程碑式人物,道德空间是其后现代道德社会学理论的重要范畴。一方面他看到了现代社会道德空间被拆除的事实,原于人为建造的认知、美学和道德三个空间的矛盾与冲突、理性化模式使得人类的道德本性让位于遵守规则、知识分子由立法者变为阐释者致使道德权威旁落,由此造成了伦理时代走向终结;另一方面,他也意识到"返魅"带来了重新面对人类道德能力的机会,对他者负责、走向无伦理的道德自治才是重建后现代道德空间的基础。

Zygmunt Bauman was the milepost type person after Durkheim about the research of moral sociology, and Moral Space is an important category of his theory about moral sociology. One side, he found that the leason of the fact of demolishing of moral space in modern society includes three ： the contradiction of space from knowledge, aesthetics and morality all made by mankind; the end of rationalization is that moral standard was take place by regulation; the intellectual became elucidator from legislator had made moral authority declined. All these together ended the time of ethics. On the other side, he realized that enchantment had brought opportunities for people to face their moral ability again. Being responsible to others and moral autonomic without ethics is the base of reconatruction postmodern moral space.