死刑制度的废除依据和立法变革

The Abolition of Death Penalty and Legislation Reform

死刑制度是原始社会野蛮和非理性观念的产物,必将不见容于发达的文明社会,历来赞成死刑制度的理论依据主要有同态复仇报应说、刑罚功利主义和社会契约理论,反对死刑制度的法学家也分别与之进行了理论交锋和批判。本文对死刑制度存废理论的主张和依据作了梳理及总结,并为推进中国现阶段死刑制度的改革提供了相应的立法建议和司法举措,以求推进中国限制死刑的刑罚制度改革。

Death penalty comes from primitive society, which should be forbidden in the civilized society. Theoretical evidences for death penalty include homeostasis revenge retribution, penalty utilitarianism and social contract theory, and those against it have their own evidences. This paper sorts out these theories of abolishing death penalty to promote the reform of death penalty system in the aspect of legislation and judicature.