交易费用视角下农田水利组织的效率与治理

Efficiency and Governance of Institution of Irrigation and Water Conservancy from Perspective of Transaction Costs

我国农田水利组织运行状况不容乐观,水利行政主管部门与灌区水管单位之间具有明显的行政性委托-代理关系,灌区水管单位在性质上呈现"事业编制、企业化管理"的双重性定位,基层水管单位定性模糊、体制扭曲。这种状况导致我国农田水利组织运行的高交易费用和低运行效率。规范水行政主管部门与大中型灌区水管单位之间的关系,构建以现代企业制度为核心的大中型灌区水管组织,合理界定基层水管单位性质、规范基层水利组织的结构和机构设置,农田水利组织才能得到有效治理。

The operating situation of the irrigation and water conservancy institution in China can be summarized as follows： there is an obvious administrative principal-agent relationship between the water conservancy administrative departments and the water management organizations in the irrigation area; the water management organizations show the dual character of ＂public institution, enterprise management＂; the character of grass-roots water management organizations is determined fuzzily and their system is distorted. This situation has resulted in the high transaction costs, low operation efficiency in the course the running of irrigation and water conservancy institution in China. The basic path of the effective governance of the irriga- tion and water conservancy institution is that the relationship between the water conservancy administrative departments and the water management organizations should be normalized, the medium-sized irrigation water management institution which the modern enterprise system is taken as its core should be constructed, the character of the grass-roots water management organizations should be defined reasonably and the struc ture and organization setup of the grass-roots water conservancy organization should be normalized.