温切斯特与英国内战的历史考察

On the History of Winchester and the English Civil War

由于温切斯特具有重要的战略地位,在内战时期温切斯特成为国王阵营和议会阵营之间激烈争夺的地方之一。在1642年至1644年间,温切斯特在议会军和王军之间几易其手,最后被克伦威尔攻下。从短期来看,内战给温切斯特的经济和社会生活造成了极大的破坏。经济的停顿造成温切斯特政府的收入来源中断;在政治上,政府管理机构瘫痪,在处理由内战带来的社会问题上表现出非常无能。然而,从长远来看,它对城市产生的影响却是积极的。在王朝复辟时期,国王查理二世很关注温切斯特城市的建设和发展,这大大促进了温切斯特在之后的世纪里的复苏和发展。

Winchester had advantageous geographical conditions and solid economic foundation, therefore, during the period of the civil war, Winchester became one of the places which were in fierce competition between the King Camp and the Parliamentary Camp. Between 1642 and 1644, Winchester was taken turns between the parliamentary army and the King＇s army. Finally it was captured by Cromwell. In the short term, the civil war caused great damages to the economic and social life of the city of Winchester. The economic standstill caused the interruption of the source of the income of Winchester＇ s government; politically, the mechanism of the management of Winchester＇ s government paralyzed. It became much incompetent on the social problems brought by the civil war. In the thought, the civil war brought great impact, too. However, in the long term, the civil war produced positive influences to the city of Winchester. During the period of the Restoration, the King Charles II were very concerned about the construction and development of the city of Winchester＇s, which greatly promoted Winchester recovery and development in later centuries.