不同磨耗阶段轮轨型面匹配下重载货车的动态性能

Dynamics Analysis of Heavy-Haul Freight Wagons Based on Matching of Different Worn Wheel/Rail Profiles

应用轮轨型面测量仪在大秦重载线路上跟踪测量了不同磨耗阶段的轮轨型面,基于这些轮轨型面,应用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立C80重载货车模型进行仿真计算,分析轮轨型面对重载货车动力学性能的影响.结果表明:在运行平稳性和稳定性方面,标准LM型车轮型面最佳,且随着车轮磨耗量的增加,平稳性和稳定性逐渐降低;在曲线通过性能方面,各个阶段的车轮型面都达到了评价标准,脱轨系数和轮重减载率都随着轮轨的磨耗而减小;轮轨横向力随着车轮的磨耗而逐渐减小;标准LM型和Ⅱ型车轮型面的磨耗功率较小,与磨耗稳定期钢轨相匹配能相对降低车轮的磨耗速率.

A large number of wheel and rail profiles with different wear stages were tracked and measured using the wheel/rail profile admeasuring apparatus on DaTong-QinHuangdao heavy-haul line, and the models of C80 heavy-haul freight wagons were established with the multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK to analyze the in- fluence of wheel/rail profiles on dynamics performance of the heavy-haul freight wagons. The results show that the dynamics indexes including stationarity and stability of the standard wheel profiles （i. e. LM） are the best. The indexes are gradually reduced with the abrasion of wheels. When passing the curve, the dynamic indexes of the wheel profiles in each stage reach the evaluation standard. With the abrasion of the wheel, the derailment coefficient and wheel unloading rate gradually decrease. With the abrasion of wheel/rail, the lateral force be- tween the wheels and rails gradually decrease as well. The abrasion power for the standard profile LM and the profile of type I! are smaller, and the abrasion rate of wheels and rails can be reduced relatively when wheels are matched with the worn rails in the stable stage.