磷肥对棉田土壤有效磷及土壤酶活性的影响

Effect of Phosphate Fertilizers on Soil Available Phosphorus and Soil Enzyme Activities in Cotton Field

通过室内模拟试验,研究不同磷肥种类和用量对棉田土壤有效磷和碱性磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,大量施磷(600 kg hm-2)整个生育期土壤有效磷和碱性磷酸酶活性显著增加,适量施磷(150 kg hm-2)苗期和蕾期土壤有效磷和碱性磷酸酶活性也显著增加。3种磷肥对土壤供磷能力表现为美国生产磷酸二铵略优于中国生产重过磷酸钙,而两者显著优于中国生产磷酸二铵。棉田土壤碱性磷酸酶活性与土壤有效磷变化规律一致,随生育期的推进呈下降趋势,可以作为土壤磷有效性的一个评价指标。

In this paper, the effects of applying different types and quantities of phosphate fertilizers on soil available phosphorus and soil enzyme activities in cotton field were studied by a simulation experiment. The results showed that compared with the control treatment, the activities of available phosphorus content and alkalescence phosphatase were increased significantly after applying surplus phosphate fertilizer in the whole growth period, so the same were in the addition of reasonable phosphate fertilizer in seedling stage and bud stage. The phosphorus supply capacity of di-ammonium phosphate （DAP） from USA was better than double superphosphate （DSP） made in China, while both were significantly better than di-ammonium phosphate （DAP） made in China. The change rule of alkalescence phosphatase activities were consistent with that of soil available phosphorus. Thus, it could be used as an indicator for soil phosphorus availability.