不同肥料施用对玉米耗水量和产量的影响

Effect of Application of Different Fertilizers on Water Consumption and Yield of Maize

在宁南山区半干旱区老牙村淤绵土上进行了施用不同肥料对玉米耗水量和产量的影响试验,结果表明,在基施农家肥30 000 kg/hm2基础上,单施尿素300 kg/hm2、碳酸氢铵900 kg/hm2的水分生产率最高,其次是施用过磷酸钙、磷酸二铵、有机肥和硫酸钾,不同肥料施用对水分利用效率差异不大。今后旱作节水农业应采用增施有机肥、氮、磷、钾配合使用,以肥调水,可有效提高水分生产率。

An experimental study was conducted on the effect of application of different fertilizers on the water consumption and the yield of maize on the silt soft soil at Laoya village in the semiarid area of the Southern Mountainous Area of Ningxia. The result showed that the water productivity was the highest when 300 kg/hm2 of urea and 900 kg/hm2 of ammonium bicarbonate were applied after a basal application of 30 000 kg/hm2 of manure and the water productivity was the second high when superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, organic fertilizer and potassium sulfate were applied. The effect of different fertilizers on the water use efficiency was not significant. In the future for the dryland water-saving agriculture more organic fertilizer should be applied in combination with the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to activate the water with the fertilizer. By this the water productivity could be increased effectively.