3PL参与的时变需求变质品三级供应链模型

Three-level Supply Chain Model for Deteriorating Items With Time-varying Demand Based on the Third-party Logistics Provider

随着现代物流业的发展,企业将一些业务如运输等外包已经成为参与当今市场竞争的一种手段和趋势,因此考虑包含第三方物流服务提供商(3PL)的供应链更具有现实和理论意义。但是现有文献很少考虑3PL对包含时间因素的变质品供应链模型的影响。基于此,本文建立了一个包含3PL的时变需求变质品三级供应链模型,并运用动态博弈理论求解了该模型的分散式下的均衡解。研究表明与制造商单独承担运输费用相比,由3PL承担运输费用使得产品的订货周期缩短,订货量减少。通过对比分散式决策和集中式决策下的最优解,研究发现考虑系统总体利润情况下,集中式决策的方式不能使该供应链达到协调。最后给出算例验证结论的正确性。

With the development of modern logistics industry, business process outsourcing for example transporting and so on has been the trend of enterprise for market competition nowadays. Supply chain models including the third-party logistics service provider （3PL） is more practical and theoretical signifi- cance. But the existing literatures rarely consider the effect of the 3PL provider to the supply chain for the deteriorating items with time-varying. Based on this, a three-level supply chain model including the 3PL for deteriorating items with time-varying demand model is developed. Dynamic game theory is used to solve the decentralized optimal solution. The research shows that compared with the transportation costs borne separately by the manufacturer,the transportation costs borne by the 3PL provider will make the or- der cycle shorter and will reduce the quantity of order in a single cycle. Optimal solutions under the decen- tralized and the centralized are compared, the conclusion implies that considering the total system profit, the centralized decision can＇t make this supply chain reach coordination. Finally, a numerical example is provided to support the findings.