论非法证据排除规则的完善路向——由新《刑事诉讼法》引发的思考

On Perfection Direction of Exclusionary Rule of Illegally Obtained Evidence:Reflection on New Criminal Procedure Law

2012年修改后的《刑事诉讼法》所明确确立的非法证据排除规则在规范侦查机关的取证行为、保障基本人权、实现司法公正、维护司法形象等方面具有重要意义。因此,其在新《刑事诉讼法》中的确立在我国刑事诉讼发展历程中具有重要里程碑意义。然而,新《刑事诉讼法》关于非法证据排除规则的法条本身及长久以来的司法传统和现实的司法环境使非法证据排除规则要发挥出其应有的功效还任重道远。因此,进一步完善法律的相关规定,改变一些落后的司法传统,营造依法取证、主动排除非法证据的司法环境是使非法证据排除规则应有功效得到最好发挥的关键所在。

The exclusionary rule of illegally obtained evidence, which is clearly stated in the revised Criminal Procedure Law in 2012, is of great significance in regulating evidence-obtaining of investigative organization, guaranteeing the fundamental human rights, implementing justice and maintaining the judicial image; therefore, it is an important milestone in the development of criminal procedure. However, the articles of the rule, judicial tradition for years and realistic judicial environment make it unable to give the rule into full play. Accordingly, it is crucial to bring the rule into full play to further improve the relevant regulations, to update some outdated judicial tradition and to build the environment of obtaining evidence legally and excluding illegal evidence initiativelv.