桉树和相思树Ceratocystis枝干枯萎病研究进展

Research Advances of Ceratocystis Stem Wilt on Eucalypts and Acacias

Ceratocystis致病菌可感染树木枝干和根部的伤口部位,导致被感染部位枯萎,严重情况下可导致枝干或整株树木死亡。桉树和相思树是世界热带﹑亚热带地区的重要商品林树种,Ceratocystis枝干枯萎病给桉树和相思树的健康发展带来了一定的威胁,特别是在东南亚和非洲地区。最近,本文作者从广东湛江地区的桉树商品林里面分离并鉴定到两个Ceratocystis种,C.acaciivora和一个新描述的种C.chineucensis,致病力测试显示C.acaciivora对测试的桉树无性系具有较强的致病力,桉树不同无性系对C.acaciivora的抗性存在显著的差异。本文介绍了Ceratocystis的生物学特性、分类依据和方法,在世界范围内的分布和危害以及防控措施,以应对Ceratocystis病原对我国华南桉树和相思树商品林的危害。

Ceratocystis spp. include pathogens of a wide variety of trees. After infecting the wounded sites, some species of this genus have the ability to spread rapidly within the stem and causes subsequent wilting of stems and roots. Ceratocystis stem wilt threatens eucalypts and acacias worldwide, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa. Recently, two species of the genus, C. acaciivora and a previously undescribed species C. chinaeucensis, were isolated and identified from Eucalyptus plantations in Guangdong Province in China. Pathogenicity tests indicated that C. acaciivora is pathogenic to the tested Eucalyptus clones, and the tolerance differences among Eucalyptus clones were observed. In this paper the biological characteristics, identification methods, species diversity, distribution and management of diseases caused by Ceratocystis spp on trees of eucalypt and acacia is summarized. Future work aims to monitor Ceratocystis species before they emerge as significant pathogens in the future.