南京地区蓝莓品种(系)果实品质分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation on fruit quality of blueberry cultivars in Nanjing Area

为了了解蓝莓果实的品质特点,为其推广利用提供参考依据,对南京地区的13个优良蓝莓品种(系)果实的大小、主要营养物质含量及感官指标进行了调查和分析。结果显示:蓝莓果实较小,平均单果质量为(1.45±0.38)g,其中,Prolifi c的果实特大,其平均单果质量达到(2.56±0.60)g;蓝莓鲜果中可溶性固形物的含量均值为(10.31%±0.98%),其中可溶性糖含量均值为77.13%,可溶性糖中还原糖的含量均值为89.02%;有机酸含量均值为(0.79%±0.23%),其糖酸比为(10.91±3.38);总多酚含量均值为(4.921±0.738)mg·g-1,其中花色苷含量均值为(1.441±0.435)mg·g-1,鞣花酸含量均值为(0.921±0.098)mg·g-1,即多酚类物质中有一半左右为花色苷和鞣花酸;不同品种蓝莓果实中营养物质的组成成分及其含量存在差异。感官评定结果表明,13个蓝莓品种的优劣顺序依次为:Sharpblue、Prolifi c、Powder Blue、寨选3号、Garden Blue、Climax、Woodard、Blue Belle、寨选8号、Brightwell、寨选4号、Tifblue、寨选7号。

In order to understand characteristics of fruit quality in blueberry （Vaccinium spp.） and provide a reference basis for its extending and utilization, size, contents of main nutrient substances and some sensory indexes of 13 blueberry cultivars were investigated and analyzed in Nanjing Area. The results show that blueberry fruit is small, and average single fruit mass is （1.45 ± 0.38） g. Fruit in Prolific is the biggest, and average single fruit mass reaches （2.56 ± 0.60） g. Average content of soluble solids in blueberry fruit is （10.31 ± 0.98）%, in which soluble sugar content is 77.13%, and content of reducing sugar in soluble sugar is 89.02%. Average content of organic acids is （0.79± 0.23）%, and sugar-acid ratio is （10.91 ± 3.38）. Total polyphenol content is （4.921 ±0.738） mg.g-1, average anthocyanin content is （1.441 ±0.435） mg.g-1, and average content of ellagic acid is （0.921 ±0.098） mg-g-1. Components and contents of nutrient substances have difference between the blueberries cultivars. The results of sensory evaluation show that the quality order of the 13 blueberry varieties from high to low is Sharpblue, Prolific, Powder Blue, ZX-3, Garden Blue, Climax, Woodard, Blue Belle, ZX-8, Brightwell, ZX-4, Tifblue, ZX-7.