环境镉污染对儿童学习记忆的影响

Effects of Environmental Cadmium Pollution on Learning and Memory of Children

目的 :了解长期暴露于低水平镉环境 ,对儿童高级神经活动如学习、记忆的影响。方法 :选择某镉污染区 41名及与之相临的非污染区 44名 8～ 1 0岁小学男生 ,采用“韦氏记忆量表”进行记忆能力的测试。结果 :镉污染区学生记忆商为 72 .4±2 .2 5 ,低于对照区学生的 94.1 8± 1 .73 ,差异有高度显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1 )。反映长时记忆及短时记忆的量表分 ,污染区儿童比对照区低 ,而反映瞬时记忆的量表分 ,污染区儿童与对照区的差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5)。结论 :长期镉摄入可损害儿童记忆能力 ,主要表现为长时记忆及短时记忆的损害 。

Objective: To understand the impairment of child higher nervous activity such as learning and memory due to long-term exposure to low level of cadmium (Cd). Methods: The memory ability was evaluated by using Wechsler Memory Scale in 41 boys and 44 boys who were 8-10 years old and were selected from a Cd-polluted area and a non-polluted area respectively. Results: Boys in Cd-polluted area had significantly lower memory quotient(72.4±2.25) as compared with the controls(94.18±1.73). Scores in long-term and short-term memory for boys in Cd-polluted area were lower than those for their controls. There was no difference in scores in instantaneous memory between the two groups( P >0.05). Conclusion: Long-term exposure to cadmium can damage child memory ability, especially long-term and short-term memory, and has no effect on instantaneous memory.