太原市幼儿血铅水平与环境铅污染状况研究

The Lead Levels in Blood of Preschool Children and the Lead Contents of Environments in Taiyuan

目的 :了解太原市幼儿血铅水平及环境铅污染状况。方法 :用原子吸收法在质控条件下测定末稍血铅、空气、土壤及学习用品中铅的含量。结果 :幼儿血铅均值为 (0 .637～ 1 .388) μmol/L(几何均值 0 .498～ 0 .982 μmol/L) ,63 %～ 92 %的幼儿血铅≥ 0 .483μmol/L ,两项皆以电池厂与煤气公司第一幼儿园为最高。 3所幼儿园空气铅超标。土壤铅全部超标 ,也以上述两园为最高。学习用品中浅绿色桌面漆层含铅量为 4 0 94.5μg/g,超标 1 5 .4倍。 结论 :太原市幼儿血铅水平高、超标人数众多 ,应予以重视。土壤已被铅污染 。

Objective: To understand the blood lead levels of preschool children and environmental lead pollution in Taiyuan. Methods: the lead contents of distal blood, air, materials for learning were determined with atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The average blood lead levels of 853 children were 0.637～1.388μmol/L(geometric means: 0.498～0.982μmol/L ), the percentage of children had blood lead levels above the critical level of 0.483μmol/L was 63%～92% in five kindergartens, both of them were higher in kindergarten of battery factory and the first kindergarten of gas Co.. Air lead contents of three kindergartens were above the sanitation standard. Soil lead contents of all five kindergartens were above the sanitation standard, which were higher in above mentioned two kindergartens(40.98μg/g and 36.34μg/g) than in others. The lead content of aquamarine desktop lacquer coating(4094.5μg/g) was 15.4 times higher than the sanitation standard. Conclusion: More attention should be paid to higher blood lead level and higher percentage of children with blood lead levels above the critical level. The main source of blood lead of children is probably soil lead.